This study explored the skin microbiome during human cutaneous leishmaniasis. 45 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. 128 skin swabs collected from affected and unaffected skin; V1-V3 region of 16S rRNA gene. Case-control (restrospective) design in patients seen at a field hospital (Clinica em Leishmaniose Dr. Jackson Costa) in Corte de Pedra, Bahia, Brazil.